Kolkata's Christmas Legacy: A Tapestry of Tradition and Unique Festivities

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In the heart of Kolkata, where the echoes of history resonate through its labyrinthine cobblestone streets, Christmas unfolds its enchantment like an everlasting tapestry. This city, cradled in the embrace of colonial whispers, weaves a secular symphony of joy during the festive season. Here, within the arms of celebration, Christmas transcends religious boundaries, orchestrating a poetic dance of unity in the vibrant fabric of Kolkata's soul.

The Christmas revelry in Kolkata bears the indelible imprints of its colonial past—a timeless legacy that continues to be celebrated with unwavering enthusiasm today. The genesis of this tradition can be traced back to the early 19th century when the European community in Calcutta witnessed significant expansion. Sensing the need for a grand cathedral at the heart of the city, Bishop Daniel Wilson, the fifth bishop of Calcutta, laid the cornerstone of St. Paul's Cathedral in 1839. This historic moment marked the inception of a cultural tapestry intertwining the city's rich colonial heritage with the exuberant celebrations of Christmas.

St.Paul's Cathedral, Calcutta in 1865; Retrieved from Wikimedia commons

As the influence and affluence of the British Raj soared, the European community in Calcutta flourished, ushering in increasingly opulent Christmas festivities. In an era devoid of fairy lights and LEDs adorning homes and public spaces, the festive spirit manifested through printed banners, advertisements, and musicians clad in vibrant attire parading the streets of old Calcutta. Noteworthy among these advertisements was the promotional campaign by David Wilson & Company for The Great Eastern Hotel, emphasizing its 'Hall of All Nations,' a pioneering departmental store in Asia offering an array of Christmas fare—turkey, ham, beef, and an extensive variety of cakes, sweets, and biscuits.

A look back on Christmas Revelries in December 1857; Retrieved from Calcutta by Gaslight

In colonial Calcutta, the Christmas season kicked off with a splendid public breakfast hosted by the Governor. Subsequent to this delightful morning affair, an extravagant dinner ballroom dancing and supper unfolded, treating esteemed guests to a sumptuous feast. Attendance at these events was a protocol for clergy, board of trade members, judges, officers, and various government officials—all gathered under the meticulous arrangements of the Governor.

In the bygone era of Imperial Kolkata, a distinctive custom emerged in the crafting of Christmas cards. This tradition boldly departed from the prevailing Victorian aesthetics saturating festive imagery. Instead of customary scenes of nativity, snow-laden landscapes, and the timeless portrayal of robins delivering letters and flowers, the city's rendition took a unique departure. Imperial Kolkata's Christmas cards became a testament to an unexplored perspective, eschewing the familiar European winter celebration visuals and presenting a wholly unique, locally inspired portrayal of the joyous holiday season.

19th Century Painting of Ballroom Dancing; Retrieved from Pinterest

Embracing the essence of Kolkata's Christmas traditions, the city weaves a tapestry where history, celebration, and uniqueness converge in a harmonious blend, creating an unforgettable and distinctly local experience.


Written by - Sumit Das 

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